The heart feeds on the left and right coronary arteries and their branches. Atherosclerosis leads to narrowing the lumen of the blood vessels of the heart and restricts blood flow to the heart muscle which results in the manifestation of the symptoms. When other options are exhausted, one of the possible options for treating coronary heart disease is surgical myocardial revascularization or coronary artery bypass grafting. Coronary artery transplantation is an operation that should ensure normal functioning of the patient in everyday life: relieving sore throat, preventing heart attack, and in people who have already suffered a heart attack, preventing further deterioration of myocardial function. Due to the prevalence of coronary heart disease, it is the most commonly performed surgical intervention in the world. This operation bypasses the narrowing of the coronary blood vessels – the blood vessels that feed the heart. Arteries or veins taken from another part of our body where their presence is not necessary are used for this bypass grafting. They are used to bring blood above the narrowing point to the place below the narrowing. Thus, the heart receives a sufficient amount of blood, and thus the oxygen needed for normal operation. The blood vessels used for bypass grafting are called grafts. There are two basic types of grafts: venous and arterial. Venous grafts are usually harvested from the lower limbs. There are various techniques for preparing venous transplants (classic – by opening the skin and subcutaneous tissue along the entire length of the transplant, endoscopic vein removal – without an incision and/or “no- touch” techniques). Arterial grafts have a significant place in cardiac revascularization. The mammary artery is the best graft for revascularization and is therefore used in almost all patients. It revascularizes the most important blood vessel of the heart. The radial artery, which is harvested from the forearm, is also an important graft, especially when we want revascularization using only arterial grafts. The operation is mostly performed on a stopped heart. However, in some cases, it is possible to bypass the beating heart. Surgical procedures on so-called palpitations are performed in patients who require less bypassing, or in riskier patients, if possible.